Used 2020 GMCSierra SLE

Located at
White's Energy Motors
    Summit White Exterior
    Jet Black Interior
    100,098 miles Odometer
    6-speed automatic
    4WD
    V8, 6.6L Engine
    VIN 1GT49ME71LF229390
    Stock # R25084A
    GMC Sierra
    • AutoCheck

    Highlighted Features

    • Wireless phone connectivity
    • Split folding rear seat
    • Perimeter/approach lights
    • Remote keyless entry
    • Steering wheel mounted audio controls
    • Fully automatic headlights
    • Alloy wheels
    • Heated door mirrors
    • Trailer hitch receiver
    • Trailer sway control

    Included Packages & Accessories

    • SLE Convenience Package: LED Cargo Area Lighting; Remote Vehicle Starter System; 10-Way Power Driver Seat Adjuster with Lumbar; Electric Rear-Window Defogger; A/C with Dual-Zone Automatic Climate Control; Unauthorized Entry Theft-Deterrent System; Manual Tilt-Wheel/telescoping Steering Column; EZ Lift Power Lock and Release Tailgate; Heated Steering Wheel; 2nd Row Dual USB Charge-Only Ports; Keyless Open and Start; Electrical Lock Control Steering Column; LED Fog Lamps; Heated Driver and Front Outboard Passenger Seats; Rear Wheelhouse Liners; 12-Volt Rear Auxiliary Power Outlet; LED Cargo Area Lighting; Remote Vehicle Starter System; 10-Way Power Driver Seat Adjuster with Lumbar; Electric Rear-Window Defogger; A/C with Dual-Zone Automatic Climate Control; Unauthorized Entry Theft-Deterrent System; Manual Tilt-Wheel/telescoping Steering Column; EZ Lift Power Lock and Release Tailgate; Heated Steering Wheel; 2nd Row Dual USB Charge-Only Ports; Keyless Open and Start; Electrical Lock Control Steering Column; LED Fog Lamps; Heated Driver and Front Outboard Passenger Seats; Rear Wheelhouse Liners; 12-Volt Rear Auxiliary Power Outlet; LED Cargo Area Lighting; Remote Vehicle Starter System; 10-Way Power Driver Seat Adjuster with Lumbar; Electric Rear-Window Defogger; A/C with Dual-Zone Automatic Climate Control; Unauthorized Entry Theft-Deterrent System; Manual Tilt-Wheel/telescoping Steering Column; EZ Lift Power Lock and Release Tailgate; Heated Steering Wheel; 2nd Row Dual USB Charge-Only Ports; Keyless Open and Start; Electrical Lock Control Steering Column; LED Fog Lamps; Heated Driver and Front Outboard Passenger Seats; Front 40/20/40 Split-Bench Seats with Lockable Storage; Rear Wheelhouse Liners; 12-Volt Rear Auxiliary Power Outlet; LED Cargo Area Lighting; Remote Vehicle Starter System; 10-Way Power Driver Seat Adjuster with Lumbar; Electric Rear-Window Defogger; A/C with Dual-Zone Automatic Climate Control; Unauthorized Entry Theft-Deterrent System; Manual Tilt-Wheel/telescoping Steering Column; EZ Lift Power Lock and Release Tailgate; Heated Steering Wheel; 2nd Row Dual USB Charge-Only Ports; Keyless Open and Start; Electrical Lock Control Steering Column; LED Fog Lamps; LED Smoked Amber Roof Marker Lamps; Heated Driver and Front Outboard Passenger Seats; Rear Wheelhouse Liners; 12-Volt Rear Auxiliary Power Outlet; LED Cargo Area Lighting; Remote Vehicle Starter System; 10-Way Power Driver Seat Adjuster with Lumbar; Electric Rear-Window Defogger; A/C with Dual-Zone Automatic Climate Control; Unauthorized Entry Theft-Deterrent System; Manual Tilt-Wheel/telescoping Steering Column; EZ Lift Power Lock and Release Tailgate; Heated Steering Wheel; 2nd Row Dual USB Charge-Only Ports; Keyless Open and Start; Electrical Lock Control Steering Column; LED Fog Lamps; Heated Driver and Front Outboard Passenger Seats; Front 40/20/40 Split-Bench Seats with Lockable Storage; Rear Wheelhouse Liners; 12-Volt Rear Auxiliary Power Outlet; LED Cargo Area Lighting; Remote Vehicle Starter System; 10-Way Power Driver Seat Adjuster with Lumbar; Electric Rear-Window Defogger; A/C with Dual-Zone Automatic Climate Control; Unauthorized Entry Theft-Deterrent System; Manual Tilt-Wheel/telescoping Steering Column; EZ Lift Power Lock and Release Tailgate; Heated Steering Wheel; 2nd Row Dual USB Charge-Only Ports; Keyless Open and Start; Electrical Lock Control Steering Column; LED Fog Lamps; LED Smoked Amber Roof Marker Lamps; Heated Driver and Front Outboard Passenger Seats; Rear Wheelhouse Liners; 12-Volt Rear Auxiliary Power Outlet; LED Cargo Area Lighting; Remote Vehicle Starter System; 10-Way Power Driver Seat Adjuster with Lumbar; Electric Rear-Window Defogger; A/C with Dual-Zone Automatic Climate Control; Unauthorized Entry Theft-Deterrent System; Manual Tilt-Wheel/telescoping Steering Column; EZ Lift Power Lock and Release Tailgate; Heated Steering Wheel; 2nd Row Dual USB Charge-Only Ports; Keyless Open and Start; Electrical Lock Control Steering Column; LED Fog Lamps; LED Smoked Amber Roof Marker Lamps; Heated Driver and Front Outboard Passenger Seats; Front 40/20/40 Split-Bench Seats with Lockable Storage; Rear Wheelhouse Liners; 12-Volt Rear Auxiliary Power Outlet; LED Cargo Area Lighting; Remote Vehicle Starter System; 10-Way Power Driver Seat Adjuster with Lumbar; Electric Rear-Window Defogger; A/C with Dual-Zone Automatic Climate Control; Unauthorized Entry Theft-Deterrent System; Manual Tilt-Wheel/telescoping Steering Column; EZ Lift Power Lock and Release Tailgate; Heated Steering Wheel; 2nd Row Dual USB Charge-Only Ports; Keyless Open and Start; Electrical Lock Control Steering Column; LED Fog Lamps; LED Smoked Amber Roof Marker Lamps; Heated Driver and Front Outboard Passenger Seats; Front 40/20/40 Split-Bench Seats with Lockable Storage; Rear Wheelhouse Liners; 12-Volt Rear Auxiliary Power Outlet
    • X31 Off-Road Package: Off-Road Suspension; Hill Descent Control; LT265/70R17E AT BW Tires; Skid Plates
    • Preferred Package: HD Rear Vision Camera; Power Sliding Rear Window with Defogger; 120-Volt Instrument Panel Power Outlet; In-Vehicle Trailering System App; Cloth Rear Seat with Storage Package; AM/FM Stereo with Premium GMC Infotainment System; 2 USB Ports; Universal Home Remote; HD Radio; SiriusXM with 360L; Hitch Guidance with Hitch View; HD Rear Vision Camera; Power Sliding Rear Window with Defogger; 120-Volt Instrument Panel Power Outlet; In-Vehicle Trailering System App; Cloth Rear Seat with Storage Package; AM/FM Stereo with Premium GMC Infotainment System; 2 USB Ports; Universal Home Remote; HD Radio; SiriusXM with 360L; Hitch Guidance with Hitch View
    • Preferred Equipment Group 3SA: OnStar and GMC Connected Services Capable; Power Front Windows with Passenger Express Down; Remote Keyless Entry; 2-Speed Electronic Shift Transfer Case; Deep-Tinted Glass; 6.6L V8 with Direct Injection and Variable Valve Timing Engine; Chrome Surround Grille with High Gloss Black Mesh; AM/FM Radio with GMC Infotainment System; Power Rear Windows with Express Down; Integrated Trailer Brake Controller; Manual Tilt Wheel Steering Column; Power Windows with Driver Express Up/down; Compass Located in Instrument Cluster; Front 40/20/40 Split-Bench Seats; Steering Wheel Audio Controls; Power Door Locks
    • Gooseneck/5th Wheel Package: Gooseneck/5th Wheel Prep Package; Gooseneck/5th Wheel Prep Package; Spray-On Pickup Box Bed Liner with GMC Logo
    • Assist Step and Floor Liner Package: 1st and 2nd Row All-Weather Floor Liner
    • 4 Round Chromed Tubular Assist Steps
    • Spray-On Pickup Box Bed Liner with GMC Logo
    • GMC MultiPro Tailgate
    • 10-Way Power Driver Seat Adjuster with Lumbar
    • LED Fog Lamps
    • Rear Underseat Storage
    • Cloth Rear Seat with Storage Package
    • Electric Rear-Window Defogger
    • 1st and 2nd Row All-Weather Floor Liner
    • LT265/70R17E AT BW Tires
    • Skid Plates
    • LED Cargo Area Lighting
    • LED Smoked Amber Roof Marker Lamps
    • Apple CarPlay/Android Auto smart device mirroring
    • 4G LTE Wi-Fi Hotspot capable mobile hotspot internet access
    • Brake assist system
    • Cruise control with steering wheel mounted controls
    • Keyfob remote start
    • Heated steering wheel
    • Heated driver and front passenger seats
    • Primary monitor touchscreen
    • Driver seat power reclining
    • lumbar support
    • cushion tilt
    • fore/aft control and height adjustable control
    • Part-time 4WD
    • 6.6L V-8 gasoline direct injection
    • variable valve control
    • regular unleaded
    • engine with 401HP
    • Teen Driver restricted driving mode/alerts
    • Keyless Open/Keyless Start with hands-free access and push button start
    • Keyfob window control
    • Bluetooth wireless audio streaming
    • Hitch Guidance vehicle to trailer hitching assist
    • Trailer light test
    • Trailer light malfunction warning
    • Trailer theft alarm
    • Dual-zone front climate control
    • Immobilizer
    • Bluetooth handsfree wireless device connectivity
    • Trailer brake controller
    • Trailer sway control
    • Trailering Assist Guidelines vehicle and trailer reverse assist with visual graphic guidance only
    • External memory control
    • Internet radio capability
    • StabiliTrak w/Proactive Roll Avoidance electronic stability control system with anti-roll
    • Hill Descent Control (HDC)
    • Hill start assist
    • Automatic climate control
    • Rear Seat Reminder rear seat check warning
    • 1 exterior 120V AC power outlet
    • LED daytime running lights
    • LED front fog lights
    • Leather and metal-look steering wheel
    • BedStep integrated side steps
    • EZ Lift
    • EZ Lower
    • Integrated tailgate step
    • Manual rear child safety door locks
    • Heated driver and passenger side door mirrors
    • Auto-dimming driver side mirror
    • Power folding door mirrors
    • Auto-dimming passenger side mirror
    • Manual tilting steering wheel
    • Manual telescopic steering wheel
    • Capless fuel filler
    • Wheel hub covers
    • Manual extendable trailer mirrors
    • Power-Adjustable Black Outside Mirrors
    • 120-Volt Instrument Panel Power Outlet

    Included Packages & Options

    Power-Adjustable Black Outside Mirrors

    $530 included in listing price

    More pre-installed items

    $1,140 total, included in listing price
    • GMC MultiPro Tailgate$445
      Includes six functional load/access features.
    • Rear Underseat Storage$265
      Dealer-installed. Includes composite storage bin with lockable lid.
    • Electric Rear-Window Defogger$225
    • Skid Plates$150
      Protect the oil pan, front axle and transfer case.

    Detailed Specifications

    • 1-touch down
    • 1-touch up
    • Air conditioning
    • Driver door bin
    • Driver vanity mirror
    • Front beverage holders
    • Illuminated entry
    • Overhead console
    • Passenger door bin
    • Passenger vanity mirror
    • Power windows
    • Rear door bins
    • Remote keyless entry
    • Speed control
    • Tilt steering wheel
    • Alloy wheels
    • Front anti-roll bar
    • Front wheel independent suspension
    • Power steering
    • Single rear wheels
    • 1st row LCD monitors: 2
    • Primary LCD size: 8.0"
    • Smart device integration: Apple CarPlay/Android Auto
    • Speakers: 6
    • Steering wheel mounted audio controls
    • Wireless phone connectivity: Bluetooth
    • Front center armrest: w/storage
    • Rear seats: split-bench
    • Rear seats Folding position: fold-up cushion
    • Seat Upholstery: cloth
    • Split folding rear seat
    • Cylinder configuration: V-8
    • Drive type: four-wheel
    • Engine liters: 6.6L
    • Engine location: front
    • Fuel economy fuel type: gasoline
    • Fuel tank capacity: 36.0gal.
    • Hybrid traction battery type: none
    • Manual-shift auto
    • Mode select transmission
    • Rear locking differential
    • Variable valve control
    • Ground clearance (min): 257mm (10.1")
    • Bumpers: chrome
    • Heated door mirrors
    • Left rear passenger door: conventional
    • Power door mirrors
    • Rear cargo: tailgate
    • Rear step bumper
    • Right rear passenger: conventional
    • Trailer hitch receiver
    • Trailer sway control
    • Turn signal indicator mirrors
    • Exterior body width: 2,079mm (81.8")
    • Exterior height: 2,023mm (79.7")
    • Exterior length: 6,352mm (250.1")
    • Front headroom: 1,093mm (43.0")
    • Front hiproom: 1,554mm (61.2")
    • Front legroom: 1,131mm (44.5")
    • Front shoulder room: 1,677mm (66.0")
    • Rear headroom: 1,013mm (39.9")
    • Rear hiproom: 1,530mm (60.2")
    • Rear legroom: 1,102mm (43.4")
    • Rear shoulder room: 1,659mm (65.3")
    • Towing capacity: 6,577kg (14,500lbs)
    • Turning radius: 8.0m (26.3')
    • Wheelbase: 4,037mm (158.9")
    • Appearance: analog
    • Compass
    • Delay-off headlights
    • Front reading lights
    • Fully automatic headlights
    • Low tire pressure warning
    • Oil pressure gauge
    • Outside temperature display
    • Rear reading lights
    • Tachometer
    • Trip computer
    • Variably intermittent wipers
    • Voltmeter
    • 4 wheel disc brakes
    • ABS brakes
    • Brake assist
    • Dual front impact airbags
    • Dual front side impact airbags
    • Electronic stability
    • Ignition disable
    • Occupant sensing airbag
    • Overhead airbag
    • Panic alarm
    • Perimeter/approach lights
    • Traction control

    Dealer Notes

    Equipment
    with XM/Sirus Satellite Radio you are no longer restricted by poor quality local radio stations while driving it. Anywhere on the planet, you will have hundreds of digital stations to choose from. The vehicle offers Android Auto for seamless smartphone integration. The steering wheel audio controls on this vehicle keep the volume and station within easy reach. Start this model from inside with remote start. It is pure luxury with a heated steering wheel. This GMC Sierra keeps you comfortable with Auto Climate. This model offers Apple CarPlay for seamless connectivity. An off-road package is equipped on the GMC Sierra. Bluetooth technology is built into the GMC Sierra, keeping your hands on the steering wheel and your focus on the road. Protect this 2020 GMC Sierra 2500 from unwanted accidents with a cutting edge backup camera system. A trailer braking system is already installed on this 2020 GMC Sierra 2500.

    Packages
    SLE Convenience Package: LED Cargo Area Lighting; Remote Vehicle Starter System; 10-Way Power Driver Seat Adjuster with Lumbar; Electric Rear-Window Defogger; A/C with Dual-Zone Automatic Climate Control; Unauthorized Entry Theft-Deterrent System; Manual Tilt-Wheel/telescoping Steering Column; EZ Lift Power Lock and Release Tailgate; Heated Steering Wheel; 2nd Row Dual USB Charge-Only Ports; Keyless Open and Start; Electrical Lock Control Steering Column; LED Fog Lamps; Heated Driver and Front Outboard Passenger Seats; Rear Wheelhouse Liners; 12-Volt Rear Auxiliary Power Outlet; LED Cargo Area Lighting; Remote Vehicle Starter System; 10-Way Power Driver Seat Adjuster with Lumbar; Electric Rear-Window Defogger; A/C with Dual-Zone Automatic Climate Control; Unauthorized Entry Theft-Deterrent System; Manual Tilt-Wheel/telescoping Steering Column; EZ Lift Power Lock and Release Tailgate; Heated Steering Wheel; 2nd Row Dual USB Charge-Only Ports; Keyless Open and Start; Electrical Lock Control Steering Column; LED Fog Lamps; Heated Driver and Front Outboard Passenger Seats; Rear Wheelhouse Liners; 12-Volt Rear Auxiliary Power Outlet; LED Cargo Area Lighting; Remote Vehicle Starter System; 10-Way Power Driver Seat Adjuster with Lumbar; Electric Rear-Window Defogger; A/C with Dual-Zone Automatic Climate Control; Unauthorized Entry Theft-Deterrent System; Manual Tilt-Wheel/telescoping Steering Column; EZ Lift Power Lock and Release Tailgate; Heated Steering Wheel; 2nd Row Dual USB Charge-Only Ports; Keyless Open and Start; Electrical Lock Control Steering Column; LED Fog Lamps; Heated Driver and Front Outboard Passenger Seats; Front 40/20/40 Split-Bench Seats with Lockable Storage; Rear Wheelhouse Liners; 12-Volt Rear Auxiliary Power Outlet; LED Cargo Area Lighting; Remote Vehicle Starter System; 10-Way Power Driver Seat Adjuster with Lumbar; Electric Rear-Window Defogger; A/C with Dual-Zone Automatic Climate Control; Unauthorized Entry Theft-Deterrent System; Manual Tilt-Wheel/telescoping Steering Column; EZ Lift Power Lock and Release Tailgate; Heated Steering Wheel; 2nd Row Dual USB Charge-Only Ports; Keyless Open and Start; Electrical Lock Control Steering Column; LED Fog Lamps; LED Smoked Amber Roof Marker Lamps; Heated Driver and Front Outboard Passenger Seats; Rear Wheelhouse Liners; 12-Volt Rear Auxiliary Power Outlet; LED Cargo Area Lighting; Remote Vehicle Starter System; 10-Way Power Driver Seat Adjuster with Lumbar; Electric Rear-Window Defogger; A/C with Dual-Zone Automatic Climate Control; Unauthorized Entry Theft-Deterrent System; Manual Tilt-Wheel/telescoping Steering Column; EZ Lift Power Lock and Release Tailgate; Heated Steering Wheel; 2nd Row Dual USB Charge-Only Ports; Keyless Open and Start; Electrical Lock Control Steering Column; LED Fog Lamps; Heated Driver and Front Outboard Passenger Seats; Front 40/20/40 Split-Bench Seats with Lockable Storage; Rear Wheelhouse Liners; 12-Volt Rear Auxiliary Power Outlet; LED Cargo Area Lighting; Remote Vehicle Starter System; 10-Way Power Driver Seat Adjuster with Lumbar; Electric Rear-Window Defogger; A/C with Dual-Zone Automatic Climate Control; Unauthorized Entry Theft-Deterrent System; Manual Tilt-Wheel/telescoping Steering Column; EZ Lift Power Lock and Release Tailgate; Heated Steering Wheel; 2nd Row Dual USB Charge-Only Ports; Keyless Open and Start; Electrical Lock Control Steering Column; LED Fog Lamps; LED Smoked Amber Roof Marker Lamps; Heated Driver and Front Outboard Passenger Seats; Rear Wheelhouse Liners; 12-Volt Rear Auxiliary Power Outlet; LED Cargo Area Lighting; Remote Vehicle Starter System; 10-Way Power Driver Seat Adjuster with Lumbar; Electric Rear-Window Defogger; A/C with Dual-Zone Automatic Climate Control; Unauthorized Entry Theft-Deterrent System; Manual Tilt-Wheel/telescoping Steering Column; EZ Lift Power Lock and Release Tailgate; Heated Steering Wheel; 2nd Row Dual USB Charge-Only Ports; Keyless Open and Start; Electrical Lock Control Steering Column; LED Fog Lamps; LED Smoked Amber Roof Marker Lamps; Heated Driver and Front Outboard Passenger Seats; Front 40/20/40 Split-Bench Seats with Lockable Storage; Rear Wheelhouse Liners; 12-Volt Rear Auxiliary Power Outlet; LED Cargo Area Lighting; Remote Vehicle Starter System; 10-Way Power Driver Seat Adjuster with Lumbar; Electric Rear-Window Defogger; A/C with Dual-Zone Automatic Climate Control; Unauthorized Entry Theft-Deterrent System; Manual Tilt-Wheel/telescoping Steering Column; EZ Lift Power Lock and Release Tailgate; Heated Steering Wheel; 2nd Row Dual USB Charge-Only Ports; Keyless Open and Start; Electrical Lock Control Steering Column; LED Fog Lamps; LED Smoked Amber Roof Marker Lamps; Heated Driver and Front Outboard Passenger Seats; Front 40/20/40 Split-Bench Seats with Lockable Storage; Rear Wheelhouse Liners; 12-Volt Rear Auxiliary Power Outlet. X31 Off-Road Package: Off-Road Suspension; Hill Descent Control; LT265/70R17E AT BW Tires; Skid Plates. Preferred Package: HD Rear Vision Camera; Power Sliding Rear Window with Defogger; 120-Volt Instrument Panel Power Outlet; In-Vehicle Trailering System App; Cloth Rear Seat with Storage Package; AM/FM Stereo with Premium GMC Infotainment System; 2 USB Ports; Universal Home Remote; HD Radio; SiriusXM with 360L; Hitch Guidance with Hitch View; HD Rear Vision Camera; Power Sliding Rear Window with Defogger; 120-Volt Instrument Panel Power Outlet; In-Vehicle Trailering System App; Cloth Rear Seat with Storage Package; AM/FM Stereo with Premium GMC Infotainment System; 2 USB Ports; Universal Home Remote; HD Radio; SiriusXM with 360L; Hitch Guidance with Hitch View. Preferred Equipment Group 3SA: OnStar and GMC Connected Services Capable; Power Front Windows with Passenger Express Down; Remote Keyless Entry; 2-Speed Electronic Shift Transfer Case; Deep-Tinted Glass; 6.6L V8 with Direct Injection and Variable Valve Timing Engine; Chrome Surround Grille with High Gloss Black Mesh; AM/FM Radio with GMC Infotainment System; Power Rear Windows with Express Down; Integrated Trailer Brake Controller; Manual Tilt Wheel Steering Column; Power Windows with Driver Express Up/down; Compass Located in Instrument Cluster; Front 40/20/40 Split-Bench Seats; Steering Wheel Audio Controls; Power Door Locks. Gooseneck/5th Wheel Package: Gooseneck/5th Wheel Prep Package; Gooseneck/5th Wheel Prep Package; Spray-On Pickup Box Bed Liner with GMC Logo. Assist Step and Floor Liner Package: 1st and 2nd Row All-Weather Floor Liner. 4 Round Chromed Tubular Assist Steps. Spray-On Pickup Box Bed Liner with GMC Logo. Power-Adjustable Black Outside Mirrors. GMC MultiPro Tailgate. 10-Way Power Driver Seat Adjuster with Lumbar. LED Fog Lamps. Rear Underseat Storage. Cloth Rear Seat with Storage Package. Electric Rear-Window Defogger. 120-Volt Instrument Panel Power Outlet. 1st and 2nd Row All-Weather Floor Liner. LT265/70R17E AT BW Tires. Skid Plates. LED Cargo Area Lighting. LED Smoked Amber Roof Marker Lamps. **Equipment listed is based on original vehicle build and subject to change. Please confirm the accuracy of the included equipment by calling the dealer prior to purchase.**

    KBB.com Consumer Reviews

    Kelley Blue Book - KBB.com
    Overall3.8Out of 5
    • Transmission trash

      By Jason on Monday, April 07, 2025

      2.0
      Bought a 2023 GMC Duramax diesel Sierra SLT had it for two years hit 50,000 miles. The throttlebody broke went in for service. Got it back three weeks at 62,000 miles now my transmission is slipping. I travel back-and-forth from South Carolina to North Carolina for work daughter’s truck would be my forever truck. What a joke Hundred thousand dollar truck junk
    • Fantastic truck

      By Jjj on Sunday, November 07, 2021

      5.0
      This one of the most solid vehicles that I have ever driven! The 401 hp engine is more than enough power and the transmission is smooth! Highly recommend this truck!
    • Don't judge a truck by the appearance

      By jmil on Wednesday, May 11, 2022

      3.0
      Great truck, loved it until the DEF tank heater malfunctioned and shut down the truck. Now sitting waiting for the replacement tank for over 10 weeks. Turns out every HD truck 2020 and 2021 has the same problem and all will need this replacement that is being produced at a snail's pace by GM. Per the dealership, last count, over 9000 trucks like mine are idle waiting for this part. $65000 waste of money and terrible service by GMC (not the local dealership).